Five Assam Police personnel were killed and 50 others injured in the violence that erupted along the Assam-Mizoram border on July 26. Terrotorial claims in Assam's Cachar and Mizoram's Kolasib district have led to violence. Both states have border disputes in Karimganj-Mamit and Hailakandi-Kolasib border.
Assam and Mizoram accuse each other of encroachment along their 164 km boundary that was demarcated during the British rule. This disputed border is rich with minerals and gas deposits.
Assam has disputes with four states. Mizoram, which shares border with Manipur, Assam and Tripura, has dispute with Tripura too.
There are more inter-state border disputes in the country, according to a written reply by the Minister of State for Home Affairs, Nityanand Rai to question in the Lok Sabha.
Assam-Arunachal Pradesh
The boundary issue between Assam and Arunachal is as ancient as the reign of the Ahom Kings who ruled Assam till the British annexed Assam in 1826. Encroachments by residents across 804-km border that Assam shares with Arunachal Pradesh have led to rising tensions occassionally. A suit has been pending in Supreme Court since 1989 on the issue. Border Roads Organisation has marked Kimin in Arunachal Pradesh as part of Assam by mistake.
Assam-Nagaland
Assam and Nagaland share a 434-km border and the disputes relate to 66000 Sq Km of land mostly along Sibsagar district of Assam. The two states have been disputing their shared border ever since Nagaland was carved out of Assam’s Naga Hills district. While Assam wants status quo and stick to the border decicion taken on December 1, 1963, Nagaland demands all Naga territories be transfrred to the state. Claiming that all Naga territories belong to them, Nagaland wants restoration of land based on a 16-point agreement of 1960, which led to the creation of the state.
Himachal Pradesh-Haryana
Himachal Pradesh has an inter-state boundary dispute at Parwanoo with Haryana. Haryana also claims that a large area of the land bordering Himachal in Parwanoo belongs to them and has asked the Survey of India to demarcate the land. Haryana blames that Himachal does not accept joint forest demarcations. A Survey of India had recently reported that Himachal Pradesh encroached upon some land at Parwanoo that belongs to Haryana.
Assam-Meghalaya
Meghalaya shares its internal border only with Assam and there are disputes along the 733 km border at 12 places. The border row between both States started with the formation of states under the The North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971. As per the Act, Blocks I and II of the Mikir Hills—presently, the Karbi Anglong district—were granted to Assam. Meghalaya claims that both these blocks were part of the erstwhile United Khasi and Jaintia Hills when it was created in 1835.
Ladakh-Himachal Pradesh
Sarchu, situated at an elevation of 4,290 metres on the Leh-Manali highway, is a disputed terrotory between Ladakh and HImachal Pradesh. The region that lies between Himachal Pradesh's Lahaul and Spiti district and Ladakh's Leh district resembles Ladakh and is a hot favoutiote with trekers and advenmture seekers.
Maharashtra-Karnataka
Maharashtra is claiming Marathi-speaking regions consisting of more than 800 villages of Belgaum, Karwar and Nippani that were included in Karnataka. Belguam district in Karnataka, which has both Kannada and Marathi speakers, was added to Karnatalka in 1956 when states were reorganised on linguistic basis. As part of Bombay Presidency in British India, Belgaum, was under Bombay state. Karnataka says that some of its Kannada-majority villages had been included in Maharashtra.