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Martial law in South Korea: What it means as country plunges into chaos

It is the first time since 1980 that such a law has been declared in the country. There were reports of clashes between protesters and police outside the National Assembly

A person gestures while standing among the crowd outside the National Assembly, after South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law, in Seoul | Reuters

Protests erupted in South Korea after President Yoon Suk Yeol declared emergency martial law in the country. South Korea's parliament, where the opposition enjoys the majority, has voted to block the president's move. Around 190 lawmakers of the opposition gathered in the parliament to vote against the president's declaration of emergency. 

A large crowd gathered outside the National Assembly in Seol and chanted "no to martial law", and "strike down dictatorship". 

Also read | South Korea President Yoon Suk Yeol declares emergency martial law

Reportedly, protesters clashed with the police outside the main parliament trying to open the closed gates. 

It is the first time since 1980 that such a law has been declared in the country. 

What happens under the declaration of martial law? 

1. Under the law there will be a ban on political activities, including any activities in the parliament, local councils, political parties, rallies, protests and any other form of demonstrations. Any political associations are also banned. 

2. Restriction on media: Print, radio, broadcast, internet and social media will be monitored and controlled under the Martial Law Command. 

3. Ban on protests and rallies: Ban will be imposed on strikes, and protests. Work stoppages and rally speeches will also be prohibited under the law. 

4. Any acts of propaganda, misinformation, circulation of fake news, or public manipulation are prohibited and will be punishable. 

5. Any anti-state forces and subversive forces will be dealt with harshly under the law.

6. Anyone who violates the martial law shall be arrested without any warrant. 

7. People who violate the orders shall be subject to punishment under Article 14 of the Martial Law Act (Penalties).

8. All doctors, nurses and other medical personnel including trainees- both in service and retired must return to the medical field within 48 hours.